Maintaining a healthy heart is a well-known key to overall wellbeing, but recent research has revealed a strong connection between cardiovascular health and cognitive function. The brain, like any other organ, relies on a steady supply of oxygen and nutrients delivered through the cardiovascular system.

In this article, we explore the intriguing relationship between cardiovascular health and cognitive function, shedding light on how taking care of your heart can also benefit your brain.

Blood Flow and Brain Health

The brain requires a continuous supply of oxygen and nutrients to function optimally. The cardiovascular system, composed of the heart and blood vessels, plays a critical role in delivering these essential elements. Reduced blood flow due to cardiovascular issues, such as hypertension or atherosclerosis, can lead to decreased oxygen and nutrient supply to the brain. This, in turn, may contribute to cognitive decline and an increased risk of dementia.

Hypertension and Cognitive Decline

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a common cardiovascular condition that can have serious implications for brain health. Around 50% of heart attacks and strokes are due to hypertension (British Heart Foundation, 2023). Studies have also shown that individuals with uncontrolled hypertension are more likely to experience cognitive impairment, such as memory loss and reduced attention span. Managing blood pressure through lifestyle changes or medication can help reduce the risk of cognitive decline. Don’t forget, blood pressure is one of the most modifiable risk factors to cardiovascular disease.

Cholesterol and Brain Health

High levels of cholesterol in the blood can lead to the formation of plaque in the arteries, a condition known as atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis not only affects the heart but also reduces blood flow to the brain, potentially contributing to cognitive impairment. Adopting a heart-healthy diet low in saturated and trans fats, along with regular exercise and smoking cessation can help manage cholesterol levels and protect brain health. A total cholesterol of 5mmol/L or below is classed as healthy. Did you know, the zeno Health Group team provides Healthy Heart Assessments to help you understand what is ‘normal’ for you. Look out for us, we will be visiting your area very soon!

Diabetes and Cognitive Function

Your brain acts like the central command centre of your body, made up of nerve cells that make everything work, even when you’re asleep. It uses sugar from your blood for energy, and since the brain is the most energy-demanding organ, it needs a lot of sugar to function well. If your blood sugar levels go too high or too low, it can alter your brain’s balance. This imbalance, common in diabetes, can damage nerves and blood vessels in the brain, leading to memory issues, mood swings, weight gain, and even serious conditions like Alzheimer’s Disease. It’s crucial for people with diabetes to keep their blood sugar within a target range to avoid these problems (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2022).

Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are common factors in cardiovascular diseases and cognitive decline. Inflammation in blood vessels can impair blood flow to the brain, while oxidative stress can damage brain cells. A heart-healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet rich in antioxidants (dark chocolate, nuts, beets and berries) and regular physical activity, can help reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, benefiting both the heart and the brain.

The link between cardiovascular health and cognitive function is becoming increasingly evident through scientific studies and ongoing research. Taking care of your heart through lifestyle choices such as maintaining a healthy diet, staying physically active, managing blood pressure and cholesterol levels, and controlling diabetes can significantly impact brain health as well. By prioritising heart health, you are also investing in the long-term wellbeing of your brain, reducing the risk of cognitive decline and dementia. Remember, it’s never too late to start making positive changes. Consult with healthcare professionals to develop a personalised plan for improving cardiovascular health and preserving cognitive function. A healthy heart and brain go hand in hand, promoting a fulfilling and vibrant life as you age.